Most of the small ruminant species and poultry are managed by women and the younger population. 3, pp. A. Sora, Borena range land and todays situation, in ESAP Newsletter issue No 13, ESAP, Hyderabad, India, 2006. ; Braun, B. Similarly, Tewodros and Mebrate [35] stated that, due to the lack of a nearby market, beef cattle producers are forced to travel long distances to sell their animals, resulting in significant body weight loss and animals being exposed to physical injuries and illness, resulting in a reduction in money available to cattle producers in particular and the country in general. 94101, 2016. Care-Ethiopia, CARE-Ethiopia Has Contracted Out YONAD Business Promotion and Consultancy Service in May 2009 to Analyze the Milk and Milk Products Value Chain in Borana Pastoral Community, Care-Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2009. Hence, these interventions should be prioritized to maximize the synergies of productivity improvement in the livestock farming regions with similar constraints and prospects. The data and research showed that, due to frequent droughts, pastoralists have begun to raise more small ruminants, which are considered to be more resilient to harsh climates. Furthermore, while pastoral beef cattle producers in Ethiopia were not considered a small business segment, and the majority of beef came from old oxen kept for draft purposes, culled cows, and surplus young bulls, the level or quality of beef produced in Ethiopia is lower than that in the market of other East African countries and the global market in general. Climate change has been the planet's biggest threat, affecting land and water availability, crop yields and periodically causing food crises . Therefore, any impacts of climate change and variability would have negative consequences for livestock farming in the agropastoral system. The findings of this systematic review and proposed interventions may be broadly applicable to countries with similar socioeconomic profiles as well as an agroclimatological and physiographic gradient by which the livestock systems are shaped. The majority of the local meat is produced from the pastoral system, where herders seasonally mobilize the animals in search of pasture and water. "Current and Future Challenges and Opportunities for Livestock Farming in West Africa: Perspectives from the Case of Senegal" Agronomy 12, no. T. Andualem, T. Berhan, G. Gebeyehu, and B. Ermias, Characterization of cattle husbandry practices in essera woreda, dawuro zone, southern Ethiopia, African Journal of Agricultural Research, vol. The potential for pastoral beef cattle producers in Ethiopia included population growth, urbanization, literacy, and family income, as well as high demand for beef animals in domestic and foreign markets. However, modifications to river flow have caused several environmental, health, and social problems that have outweighed the benefits such as the development of agroindustry [, Livestock across West Africa are diverse and have well-adapted native breeds and ecotypes. ; Herrero, M. Impacts of Climate Change on the Livestock Food Supply Chain; a Review of the Evidence. Moritz, M. Pastoral Intensification in West Africa: Implications for Sustainability. S. Gebremariam, S. Amare, D. Bake, and A. Solomon, Diagnostic Study of Live Cattle and Beef Production and Marketing, Constraints and Opportunities for Enhancing the System, CGIAR, Washington, DC, USA, 2010. Getachew Keredin, Characterization of beef cattle production systems in tropics, the case of Ethiopia a review, International journal of animal science, husbandry and livestock production, vol. Bioclimatic conditions play an important role in deciding the characteristics of livestock farming systems in West Africa [, Livestock farming systems in West Africa can be broadly classified into three systems: (i) pastoral system, (ii) agropastoral system, and (iii) off-land system, depending on the management and availability of feed and water resources [, Although there may be disagreements, pastoralism is often considered as the most appropriate animal production system in dryland agriculture since deliberately moving herds is the best way to exploit spatiotemporally variable forage, fodder, and water resources. 17, no. Producers would be better served with digital tools that provide actionable data in real time. 1554, pp. Oba, G. Harnessing Pastoralists Indigenous Knowledge for Rangeland Management: Three African Case Studies. CSA [Central Statistical Authority], Agricultural Sample Survey 2008/2009, Volume II Report on Livestock and Livestock Characteristics (Private and Peasant Holdings) Statistical Bulletin 446, Central Statistical Agency (CSA), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2009. This might have a significant detrimental impact on pastoral people, whose livelihood is entirely dependent on their livestock. During the summer, however, these grazing fields turn muddy and are no longer suitable for grazing cattle. Cattle play vital role in ensuring food security of Ethiopia. Hence, the majority of the poultry meat, pork, and eggs are produced from this system. Y. Alemayehu, A. Adicha, M. Mengistu, and B. Eshetu, Assessments of market Oriented beef cattle fattening System under farmer management condition in South Omo zone of SNNPR, Current Research in Agricultural Sciences, vol. Strengthening local institutions for livestock research, development, and outreach. ; methodology, R.E. Brokers, according to the graph, purchase directly from producers or fattening cooperatives. Beef production and distribution of the beef industry across Australia. A. Abbey, Red Meat and Poultry Production and Consumption in Ethiopia and Distribution in Addis Ababa, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2010, M. Sc thesis. ; Bhatt, R.K. Crops That Feed the World 11. Feature papers represent the most advanced research with significant potential for high impact in the field. Livestock farming is a livelihood activity and is critically important for the food and nutritional security of the majority of the population in West African countries, including Senegal. Disclaimer/Publishers Note: The statements, opinions and data contained in all publications are solely Berre, D.; Diarisso, T.; Andrieu, N.; Le Page, C.; Corbeels, M. Biomass Flows in an Agro-Pastoral Village in West-Africa: Who Benefits from Crop Residue Mulching? ; Sanogo, O.M. Godde, C.M. The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. x][%GqV]JH:L]}[X#~ "*3330Zs/3|jZo|?t_>}?_MYkkO~6X3?;MKq-L}wfjaiof~zolG7iWofS_qm\?W!&J] 0p0^yuik-VkMX_tYm|^xnY{fGn^#{_M4-D*f_?=RJ;Ps4?_v&wI3*_m44f{p}oM=?{6q_^\s7bwU6fe>24t'sO_SX]t-w~Z6(#(}vYmUq1W\Mgnf 6n3_OK736#z~e?X ! This is mostly affecting the countrys pastoral beef cattle output. To this end, the objectives of this review were to (1) present the characteristics of different livestock farming systems in Senegal, (2) identify the challenges and opportunities to improve livestock production in Senegal and West Africa, and (3) provide recommendations to develop the livestock sector and ensure food security in the region. This might be a huge win for small-scale beef cattle producers across the country. Training human resources for veterinary care. [51] found that enhancing beef/meat output in the country has been unsuccessful due to little or no genetic improvement in recent decades. ; Peng, C.; Lepage, L.; Chen, Z. The list reads not only like an assignment for class, but also as a map for the whole beef industry for 2022 and beyond. ; Manga, V.K. The off-land system is practiced as intensive or semi-intensive, concentrated around urban and peri-urban areas, consisting mainly of poultry, swine, and milk cattle. In. A study to assess practices, challenges and opportunities during re Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: The PRISMA Statement. Manning, K. A Developmental History for Early West African Agriculture. The Roles of Livestock in Developing Countries. Figure 2 depicts Ethiopias key livestock feed resources and their proportions. N. Gebreselassie, Review on beef cattle production and marketing system in Ethiopia, Journal of Fisheries Livest Product, vol. In Ethiopia, livestock is a primary source of income and food for the majority of rural people in pastoral and agropastoral farming systems due to the poor potential for crop development, particularly the lack of and/or restricted irrigation methods. % The sector also provides social and cultural value, adds to environmental values, and supports the rural communitys livelihood by providing jobs, maintaining food security, and generating revenue [31]. The period of search for this script is from January 10, 2021, to March 30, 2021. 5, no. This may result in a reduction in animal tissue (muscle, fat, bone, and related tissues), resulting in poor quality and quantity of beef. At the event called "Sharing Intellectual Property, Driving Innovation: Bridging Horizons of Innovations", we will discuss these opportunities and challenges with a panel of partners, peers and industry experts. 14, 2017. Kristjanson, P.; Thornton, P.K. The West African region consists of 16 countries, namely, Benin, Burkina Faso, Cape Verde, The Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, and Togo, and an overseas territory of Saint Helena. M. Siegmund-Schultze, G. Legesse, G. Abebe, and A. Zrate, Bottleneck analysis of sheep production systems in southern Ethiopia: comparison of reproductive and growth parameters, Options Mditerranennes. Ethiopian, National Strategy and Plan of Action for Conservation and Utilization of Animal Genetic Resources Ethiopian Biodiversity Institute (EBI), EBI, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2016. According to the statistics, green fodder (grazing), agricultural leftovers, and hay are the main feed sources for pastoral farmers cattle in Ethiopia. G. Belay and T. Negesse, Feed resource availability and their nutrient contribution for livestock evaluated using feed assessment tool (FEAST) in Burie Zuria District, North Western Ethiopia, Agricultural Research and Technology, vol. Dayamba, D.S. Animals body weight, carcass yield, and quality decline as a result of this. ; Gabler, N.K. M. Elias, E. Mulugeta, B. Gebremedhin et al., Analysis of the ethio-Sudan cross-border cattle trade: the case of amhara regional state, IPMS (Improving Productivity and Market Success) of Ethiopian Farmers Project Working Paper 4, ILRI (International Livestock Research Institute), Nairobi, Kenya, 2007. The livestock farming in Senegal has also been shaped by demographical, economic, environmental, and sociopolitical challenges. The volume of meat and meat products exported by Ethiopia during the last five years was varied from 2014 to 2018. BBC News, London, UK, 2019. Technical Tulletin No.47, ESGPIP, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2011. Natural grasses and agricultural leftovers, which have poor nutritional content and are not consistently supplied owing to seasonal fluctuations and drought, are the main feed resources for pastoral beef cattle farmers in Ethiopia [33, 34]. ; supervision, A.P.N. A. Dinku, Assessment of constraints and opportunities in small-scale beef cattle fattening business: evidence from the West Hararghe Zone of Ethiopia, International Journal of Veterinary Sciences Research, vol. Find support for a specific problem in the support section of our website. 2, pp. Beef cattle farming employs 12.5 million people (70 percent of the total population) [24]. Crops in these systems are often grown as rainfed with a smaller extent of irrigation. Moher, D.; Liberati, A.; Tetzlaff, J.; Altman, D.G. Although indigenous cattle can withstand hard weather, have strong disease resistance, and can adapt to a limited feed supply, their output per animal is poor [6]. Establishing accessible early warning system for farmers to plan cropping system before the onset of rain. The proportion of hybrid and exotic breeds is too small, at only 0.58% and 0.07%, respectively. 3, no. Please note that many of the page functionalities won't work as expected without javascript enabled. Furthermore, despite the fact that beef cattle production contributes to the countys economy and pastoral livelihood, the production system is not sufficiently market-oriented [23]. Balehegn, M.; Duncan, A.; Tolera, A.; Ayantunde, A.A.; Issa, S.; Karimou, M.; Zampaligr, N.; Andr, K.; Gnanda, I.; Varijakshapanicker, P.; et al. Zaibet, L.; Traore, S.; Ayantunde, A.; Marshall, K.; Johnson, N.; Siegmund-Schultze, M. Livelihood Strategies in Endemic Livestock Production Systems in Sub-Humid Zone of West Africa: Trends, Trade-Offs and Implications. Stewart, Z.P. Revisiting current livestock policies and improve them to better support livestock farming. Synthesizing livestock statistics for better planning and policymaking. In addition, a cross-referencing approach was used to collect the required information from the papers cited in the list of references. G. Dadi, M. Urge, and T. Teklebrhan, Assessment of commercial beef cattle fattening practices and performance in East Shoa Zone, International Journal of Agricultural Science and Food Technology, vol. Thornton, P.K. Ouedraogo, I.; Diouf, N.S. 34, pp. Livestock in Africa: The Economics of Ownership and Production, and the Potential for Improvement. 32, pp. The purpose of this review was to collate the opportunities and challenges for pastoral beef cattle production in Ethiopia. In general, shortages of feed, diseases and parasites, lack of veterinary services, drought, lack of market access and infrastructure, and poor genetic potential of indigenous cattle breeds are the most recent major identified constraints of beef cattle production and fattening practice as expressed by farmers in various parts of the country, as shown in Table 1. In summary, while the speaking industry faces substantial challenges emerging from the pandemic, leading speaker bureaus are well-positioned to adapt to the rise of virtual and hybrid events. UN World Population Prospects, The 2017 Revision, Key Findings and Advance Tables, UN World Population Prospects, New York, NY, USA, 2017. Gautier, D.; Locatelli, B.; Corniaux, C.; Alary, V. Global Changes, Livestock and Vulnerability: The Social Construction of Markets as an Adaptive Strategy. Nutr., vol. The issues of today include a focus on price discovery and transparency, and the question of whether cash market negotiations are sufficient to establish a competitive market price. Cyber is, by its own nature, a decentralised and interdependent scenario. T. Adugna, Feed Resources and Feeding Management. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12081818, Eeswaran, Rasu, A. Pouyan Nejadhashemi, Aliou Faye, Doohong Min, P. V. Vara Prasad, and Ignacio A. Ciampitti. The performance of cattle in terms of production and reproduction is a significant determinant factor in ensuring long-term livelihood improvement for individuals involved in the system. H. Kedija, T. Azage, Y. Mohammed, and G. Berhanu, Traditional cow and camel milk production and marketing in agro-pastoral and mixed crop-livestock systems: the case of mieso district, oromia regional state, Ethiopia, (IPMS) Improving Productivity and Market Success of Ethiopian Farmer, Project Working Paper, 13, vol. An Evaluation of Sandfords Thesis. Offering governmental subsidies for the local production of veterinary goods. 2844. (2004) quantified that crop residues could provide 360 kg DM per year for each tropical livestock unit (TLU) (i.e., 1 TLU = a hypothetical animal of 250 kg of live body weight) [, Meanwhile, attempts to introduce cultivated perennial forage legumes such as Gliricidia (, Water is one of the limiting resources for livestock farming in Senegal and determines the mobility of herders in addition to pasture [, In the late 1980s, dams were constructed along the Senegal river with the scope of promoting local rice production. Out of this total cattle population, the female cattle constitute Implementing water-saving and climate-smart agriculture within the agropastoral system. Pearl Millet (. Classification and Description of the Major Farming Systems Incorporating Ruminant Livestock in West Africa. Livestock production is likely to be increasingly affected by carbon constraints and environmental and animal welfare legislation. Other important limiting constraints for the pastoral beef cattle production sector in Ethiopia include a lack of market access and infrastructure, as well as illicit trade or contraband live beef animal trades, which are not conducive to efficient cattle marketing. 5, no. FAOSTAT. 6, no. 17, 2017. 9, pp. ; writingoriginal draft preparation, R.E. The foremost challenge that affects milk production performance of cattle in Oromia includes feed shortage, high feed cost, land shortage for farming of improved forage, insufficient veterinary services, no operational breeding strategy and policy, and low productivity of the indigenous cattle breeds are the foremost important factor limiting da. Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jaffna, Ariviyal Nagar, Kilinochchi 44000, Sri Lanka, Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA, ISRA-Regional Centre of Excellence on Dry Cereals and Associated Crops (CERAAS), Thies BP 3320, Senegal, Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Collaborative Research on Sustainable Intensification, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA. Crop wastes are also an important source of feed for pastoral farmers in the country during the dry season. In contrast, Dinku [18] stated that, during dry seasons, feed shortages and nutrient deficiencies are more severe. According to studies conducted by [54, 55], Ethiopia introduced exotic cattle breeds several decades ago (since the 1950s), mostly the Holstein Friesian breed, when the United Nations donated 300 Friesian and Brown Swiss dairy cattle to Ethiopia, which were also crossbred with the indigenous once. Fernndez-Rivera, S.; Okike, I.; Manyong, V.; Williams, T.O. 34213435, 2015. Opportunities, Challenges for Beef Industry. The volume of meat and meat products exported between 2013/14 and 2017/18. Providing institutional support for the breeding of native and adapted breeds. ; Rhoads, R.P. 28532867, 2010. S. Ameha, Export Requirements for Meat and Live Small Ruminants: How Can Development Agents Assist Producers to Improve Small Ruminant Export? ; Hiernaux, P.; Lecomte, P.; Ickowicz, A.; Bernoux, M.; Vayssires, J. In this regard, numerous pastoral beef cattle producers sell their animals when they need money or a drought hits [1214]. Literatures recovered were analyzed in pros and relevant cited tables and figures adopted. Socioeconomic constraints, limited extension services, and risky environment for foreign investment are some of the reasons behind the poor adaptation of new equipment and infrastructure [, In Senegal and other West African countries, livestock farmings primary objective is to meet the subsistence requirements of livestock products for the household and relatives, but concerning the marketing side of livestock productions, live animals sale as a cash reserve is very common; however, some degree of small-scale animal trades is also present [, In Senegal, there are distinct differences among livestock farming systems in terms of access to market and trading opportunities.
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